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Chemical collection and stock control for UK schools, universities and hospitals

1,1,1-Trichloroethane (CAS 71-55-6): storage and disposal

1,1,1-Trichloroethane is an old cleaning and degreasing solvent found as legacy stock in school, college and university stores. It causes serious eye irritation, is harmful if inhaled and is classified as damaging to public health and the environment through its effect on the ozone layer. Its storage class is general, which can lull people into leaving it on an open shelf. A bottle this old often has an out-of-date label.

CAS number
71-55-6
Form
Liquid
Storage class
General
Signal word
Warning
Usual EWC code
16 05 06*
  • Harmful or irritant pictogramHarmful or irritant

What to do this week

  1. Check the label is readable and write down the opened date if it is not already there.
  2. Check it is stored as general stock and apart from the items listed under "Do not store with".
  3. If you no longer need it, add it to your disposal list so it goes on the next collection.

Safe storage in a school or lab

Sodium metal, potassium metal, lithium metal and sodium azide are the materials to keep away from it. Alkali metals can react explosively with chlorinated solvents, and azides can form explosive azidoalkanes with halogenated solvents. Although the class is general, the stock should still sit in a dry, labelled, well organised store on a tray, not in the open prep room. Because it harms the ozone layer, it should never be vented or left in an open container. Date any bottle that still lacks a date of receipt and add it to the record.

How to tell it has deteriorated

Few visible signs of age appear in a clear solvent like this one, so the container and paperwork carry the evidence. A technician looks for a stopper that will not turn, a perished cap liner, a label printed with an old product name and hazard symbols that no longer match current rules, and a level below the original mark. A sweet smell near the cupboard shows a seal is failing. Bottles that have been decanted into smaller ones are the biggest source of confusion, since the new label may be handwritten and incomplete.

How it must be disposed of

By specialist collection only. It never goes down the drain or into general waste. It is normally packed in a non-regulated or low hazard laboratory pack with compatible chemicals.

Start with the code that fits: 16 05 06* for a laboratory pack, or 16 05 08* for a loose discarded organic chemical not sent in a pack. Then describe the bottle honestly, including its old label and any handwritten replacement. This solvent is never to be poured into a sink or drain, released to the air or left to evaporate, and nobody should try to treat it. It leaves by specialist collection grouped with compatible chlorinated organics. Because the ozone-depleting classification is part of its description, mention it when you list the bottle.

Waste codes and transport details for 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
EWC code, laboratory chemicals16 05 06*
Discarded organic chemical, not a laboratory pack16 05 08*
Hazardous wasteYes

The code depends on where the waste came from and what it is mixed with. Use the waste code finder to see why.

Do not store with

Named chemicals to keep apart

  • Lithium metalAlkali metals can react explosively with chlorinated solvents.
  • Potassium metalAlkali metals can react explosively with chlorinated solvents.
  • Sodium azideAzides can form explosive azidoalkanes with halogenated solvents.
  • Sodium metalAlkali metals can react explosively with chlorinated solvents.

Common quantities we collect

Usually held as: legacy stock.

Part-used bottles and full containers are both fine. Tell us the size and how many, and an estimate is enough for a first price.

Where it is commonly held

Hazard statements

  • H319 Causes serious eye irritation.
  • H332 Harmful if inhaled.
  • H420 Causes harm to public health and the environment by destroying ozone in the upper atmosphere.
Precautionary statements
  • P261 Avoid breathing dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
  • P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
  • P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
  • P317 Get medical help.
  • P502 Refer to manufacturer or supplier for information on recovery or recycling.
  • P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
  • P233 Keep container tightly closed.
  • P240 Ground and bond container and receiving equipment.
  • P241 Use explosion-proof electrical, ventilating and lighting equipment.
  • P242 Use non-sparking tools.
  • P243 Take action to prevent static discharges.
  • P264 Wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling.
  • P264+P265 Wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling. Do not touch eyes.
  • P280 Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
  • P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water.
  • P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water or shower.
  • P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
  • P321 Specific treatment (see supplemental first aid instruction on this label).
  • P332+P317 If skin irritation occurs: Get medical help.
  • P337+P317 If eye irritation persists: Get medical help.
  • P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing. And wash it before reuse.
  • P370+P378 In case of fire: Use suitable extinguishing media to extinguish.
  • P403+P235 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
  • P501 Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local, regional, national and international regulations.

Substance as classified, dilutions may differ.

Questions

Why does 1,1,1-trichloroethane have a general storage class if it is a solvent?

Its classification here covers serious eye irritation, harm if inhaled and ozone damage, not flammability. It still needs a labelled, organised store and must be kept away from alkali metals and azides.

What is the ozone warning about?

The classification says it harms public health and the environment through its effect on the upper-atmosphere ozone layer. That is why it must not be vented or allowed to evaporate, and why collection is by specialists only.

Our bottle has an old, out-of-date label. Is that a problem?

It is a sign of age rather than safety. Add a current label if you can do so without opening it, or record the contents clearly on the stock list. Tell the collector the label is out of date.

Guidance only. Check your own risk assessment and your supplier's safety data sheet.

Hazard data source: PubChem GHS Classification, retrieved 31 Oct 2026. Formula C2H3Cl3. EC number 200-756-3.

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