Haematoxylin (CAS 517-28-2): storage and disposal
Almost every histology lab depends on haematoxylin, a natural dye that does its staining only after it has oxidised to haematein. Powder is held in school, college and university stores, and Harris and Mayer preparations on pathology and histology benches. It is classified as harmful if swallowed, as irritating to skin, eyes and airways. Because ripening is part of how the solutions work, age needs reading differently here than for most dyes.
- CAS number
- 517-28-2
- Form
- Solid
- Storage class
- General
- Signal word
- Warning
- Usual EWC code
- 16 05 06*
Harmful or irritant
What to do this week
- Check the label is readable and write down the opened date if it is not already there.
- Check it is stored as general stock and apart from the items listed under "Do not store with".
- If you no longer need it, add it to your disposal list so it goes on the next collection.
Safe storage in a school or lab
One check at the shelf is to separate the jars of powder from the bottles of made-up solution, because they behave differently and need different records. Powder is general stock: keep it in a closed, labelled jar in a dry store, with a date of receipt. Harris and Mayer bottles are ready-made preparations, so keep their own labels and supplier information with them, as they carry ingredients the powder jar does not describe. Because the powder is irritating to the airways, avoid creating airborne dust. If powder has accumulated in the cap thread, record the contamination rather than disturbing it. A tray under each bottle is wise, as the dye stains skin, labels and worktops.
How to tell it has deteriorated
Expect a change over time here, which is what makes this dye unusual. Solutions oxidise to haematein as they ripen, and a metallic film on the surface of a solution is typical of age, so seeing one is not a surprise in an older bottle. What it tells you is that the preparation has been standing a long while, and a heavily filmed, crusted or sedimented bottle should be listed rather than used. Dark stains around the cap, a lowered level and a stained label show seal failure. Powder that is damp or caked has absorbed moisture. A lost label or missing date marks any bottle as unknown.
How it must be disposed of
By specialist collection only. It never goes down the drain or into general waste. It is normally packed in a non-regulated or low hazard laboratory pack with compatible chemicals.
For the request, record each container separately: powder jar, Harris preparation, Mayer preparation, with size and condition, and flag any with a heavy surface film or crust. A school, college or university store uses 16 05 06* for this dye, while a pathology service clearing human healthcare stock uses 18 01 06*. Ready-made preparations carry their own labelling, which decides how they are described. Neither powder nor solution may be tipped into a sink or put in general waste, and a ripened solution is never topped up with fresh stain to extend its life before collection.
| EWC code, laboratory chemicals | 16 05 06* |
|---|---|
| Discarded organic chemical, not a laboratory pack | 16 05 08* |
| Human healthcare setting | 18 01 06* |
| Hazardous waste | Yes |
The code depends on where the waste came from and what it is mixed with. Use the waste code finder to see why.
Common quantities we collect
Usually held as: solid, Harris and Mayer preparations.
Part-used bottles and full containers are both fine. Tell us the size and how many, and an estimate is enough for a first price.
Where it is commonly held
Hazard statements
- H302 Harmful if swallowed.
- H315 Causes skin irritation.
- H319 Causes serious eye irritation.
- H335 May cause respiratory irritation.
Precautionary statements
- P261 Avoid breathing dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
- P264 Wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling.
- P264+P265 Wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling. Do not touch eyes.
- P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
- P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
- P280 Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
- P301+P317 IF SWALLOWED: Get medical help.
- P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water.
- P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
- P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
- P319 Get medical help if you feel unwell.
- P321 Specific treatment (see supplemental first aid instruction on this label).
- P330 Rinse mouth.
- P332+P317 If skin irritation occurs: Get medical help.
- P337+P317 If eye irritation persists: Get medical help.
- P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing. And wash it before reuse.
- P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
- P405 Store locked up.
- P501 Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local, regional, national and international regulations.
Substance as classified, dilutions may differ.
Questions
Is a metallic film on old haematoxylin a sign it is dangerous?
The film is typical of age as the solution oxidises, so it is expected rather than alarming. It does mean the bottle has been standing a long time, and a heavily filmed or crusted one should be listed for collection.
Do Harris and Mayer solutions count as the same item as the powder?
No. They are ready-made preparations with their own labels, so list each as a separate line from the powder, and let the label on the preparation describe it.
Why does haematoxylin stain develop colour only after standing?
It oxidises to haematein as solutions ripen, and haematein is the active stain. That is why age here is not automatically a fault, though a bottle with heavy deposit or an unreadable label still needs listing.
Which code does a histology department use?
A human healthcare histology service uses 18 01 06*, whereas a school, college or university store uses 16 05 06*. Give the setting on the request.
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