Zopiclone (CAS 43200-80-2): storage and disposal
Zopiclone is a sleeping tablet held by pharmacies and clinics, and it is often mistaken for an ordinary prescription item. It is not a benzodiazepine, but it is still listed under Schedule 4 Part 1, Class C. The substance is harmful by swallowing, skin contact and inhalation, irritates skin, eyes and airways, and is suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child. Disposal is decided under the controlled drugs rules and starts with a manual enquiry to this site.
- CAS number
- 43200-80-2
- Form
- Solid
- Storage class
- Toxic
- Signal word
- Warning
- Usual EWC code, laboratory stock
- 16 05 06*
Harmful or irritant
Serious health hazard
This chemical is a manual enquiry
This is a controlled drug. Controlled drugs have their own legal requirements, which depend on the schedule and can cover storage, witnessing and destruction, so they cannot be priced through a standard form.
UK Misuse of Drugs Regulations 2001: Schedule 4 Part 1, Class C.
It cannot be priced through a form. Please do not open or move it. Call us or send an enquiry and we will talk through the next step, which depends on what it is. Keep following your own procedures for controlled drugs, radioactive materials, gases and asbestos.
What to do this week
- Leave it where it is. If it looks old, crystalline or damaged, do not open or move it and keep people away from the shelf. If there is immediate danger, such as a leak, fumes or a fire, leave the area and call 999.
- Write down the label wording, the rough age and where it is stored, from a safe distance.
- Send us those details, and a photo if you can take one without touching it.
Safe storage in a school or lab
Film-coated tablets in blister strips are the usual form, and the packaging gives no hint of any special status to someone tidying a shelf. That is the common mistake with zopiclone: it was added to the controlled drugs schedules later than the benzodiazepines, and older stock may still sit on an open dispensary shelf or in a clinic drawer. Ask the responsible pharmacist to confirm secure storage under the site's medicines procedure and ensure appropriate stock records are maintained. Keep cartons whole, because a broken or crushed tablet can release dust, and the substance is harmful if inhaled and irritates the airways. Oxidisers and acids have no place nearby. Ward returns and discharge bags should be checked for strips as well.
How to tell it has deteriorated
An intact film coat, a clear imprint and a sealed foil are what a sound tablet should show. A coating that has cracked or flaked, dust in the blister cavity, or tablets stuck to the foil all suggest damp or rough handling. Past that, zopiclone gives few visible signs, so an expired strip can look entirely normal and still need removing from use. The bigger risk is identification: cut strips with no batch number or expiry date, and loose tablets in a pot, cannot be confirmed by eye. Record those as unidentified and tell the responsible pharmacist. Do not break tablets to examine them, as the dust is an irritant and the count needs to remain verifiable.
How it is disposed of
This does not go through our standard collection route. It is arranged by manual enquiry, and never goes down the drain or into general waste.
Removal goes through a manual enquiry, not an online quote, and a general chemical collection does not cover this drug. The Misuse of Drugs Regulations 2001 govern destruction, and the accountable officer or responsible pharmacist makes the decision. Routine Schedule 4 Part 1 stock destruction does not normally need an authorised witness, although local procedures may ask for one. Sites often underestimate how much they hold, because strips are scattered through returns tubs and clinic drawers, so a store assessment is a sensible step. Tell us the strength, how many strips and tablets there are, and whether the packs are sealed. Medicines from human healthcare usually carry 18 01 09. Treating it as a routine expired medicine and dropping it in a bin or a drain is the error to avoid here, so never do that.
| Usual EWC code, laboratory stock | 16 05 06* |
|---|---|
| Discarded organic chemical, not a laboratory pack | 16 05 08* |
| Human healthcare setting | 18 01 09 |
| Usually classed as hazardous waste | Yes |
The code depends on where the waste came from and what it contains, and classifying it is the producer's duty. Use the waste code finder to see why.
Do not store with
- OxidiserToxic and oxidising stock are stored apart. A reaction could release toxic vapours.
- AcidToxic stock is stored apart from acids. Several toxic salts release toxic gas in contact with acid.
Named chemicals to keep apart
- Acetic acidToxic stock is stored apart from acids. Several toxic salts release toxic gas in contact with acid.
- Calcium hypochloriteToxic and oxidising stock are stored apart. A reaction could release toxic vapours.
- Hydrochloric acidToxic stock is stored apart from acids. Several toxic salts release toxic gas in contact with acid.
- Hydrogen peroxideToxic and oxidising stock are stored apart. A reaction could release toxic vapours.
- Nitric acidToxic stock is stored apart from acids. Several toxic salts release toxic gas in contact with acid.
- Potassium nitrateToxic and oxidising stock are stored apart. A reaction could release toxic vapours.
- Potassium permanganateToxic and oxidising stock are stored apart. A reaction could release toxic vapours.
- Sulfuric acidToxic stock is stored apart from acids. Several toxic salts release toxic gas in contact with acid.
Common quantities
Usually held as: tablets.
Tell us the container size and how many you hold. An estimate is enough to start with, and some items cannot be priced until someone has looked at them.
Where it is commonly held
Hazard statements
- H302 Harmful if swallowed.
- H312 Harmful in contact with skin.
- H315 Causes skin irritation.
- H319 Causes serious eye irritation.
- H332 Harmful if inhaled.
- H335 May cause respiratory irritation.
- H361 Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child.
Precautionary statements
- P203 Obtain, read and follow all safety instructions before use.
- P261 Avoid breathing dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
- P264 Wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling.
- P264+P265 Wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling. Do not touch eyes.
- P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
- P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
- P280 Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
- P301+P317 IF SWALLOWED: Get medical help.
- P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water.
- P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
- P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
- P317 Get medical help.
- P318 If exposed or concerned, get medical advice.
- P319 Get medical help if you feel unwell.
- P321 Specific treatment (see supplemental first aid instruction on this label).
- P330 Rinse mouth.
- P332+P317 If skin irritation occurs: Get medical help.
- P337+P317 If eye irritation persists: Get medical help.
- P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing. And wash it before reuse.
- P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
- P405 Store locked up.
- P501 Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local, regional, national and international regulations.
Substance as classified, dilutions may differ.
Questions
Zopiclone is not a benzodiazepine. Does it still count as a controlled drug?
Yes. It is listed under Schedule 4 Part 1 of the Misuse of Drugs Regulations 2001 and is a Class C drug. Older procedures and shelf labels may not reflect that, so check where your stock is held and follow your pharmacist's direction on secure storage, as Schedule 4 Part 1 does not itself require a controlled drugs cabinet.
We found loose zopiclone tablets in a discharge bag. How do we record them?
Record them as unconfirmed loose tablets, with the count, where they were found and the date, and tell the responsible pharmacist. Any imprint can be noted, but a tablet out of its pack should not be treated as identified by eye alone. Keep them secured and away from stock for issue.
Does an out of date blister strip need any special handling because of dust?
A sealed strip gives off no dust in normal handling, so leave it sealed. The inhalation and airway irritation concerns are greater with broken tablets, which is why nobody should crush or pop them out. Report damaged packs to the pharmacist, and describe the damage in your enquiry.