Copper(I) oxide (CAS 1317-39-1): storage and disposal
Copper(I) oxide is a red-brown powder held in school, college and university stores. It is classified as harmful if swallowed or inhaled, as causing serious eye damage and as very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. It is easily confused with copper(II) oxide, because the names differ by one numeral and the powders differ by colour, and a faded label makes the difference hard to see.
- CAS number
- 1317-39-1
- Form
- Solid
- Storage class
- General
- Signal word
- Danger
- Usual EWC code, laboratory stock
- 16 05 06*
Corrosive
Harmful or irritant
Hazardous to the environment
What to do this week
- Without moving anything that looks damaged, check the label is readable and write down the opened date if it is not already there.
- Check it is stored as general stock, and apart from anything listed under "Do not store with" on this page. If nothing is listed, that does not prove it is safe with everything.
- If you no longer need it, add it to your disposal list so it can be included in a collection.
Safe storage in a school or lab
Because the label difference between the two copper oxides is a single numeral, keep them on separate shelves or in clearly separated trays. The jar belongs in a dry, labelled general store, dated on arrival and away from food grade supplies. The classification includes serious eye damage and harm if inhaled, so a fine powder that puffs out on opening needs a tight lid and a jar with a clean neck. Part-used jars from practicals should return to the shelf closed, not stay in a class set.
How to tell it has deteriorated
Look at the colour. Fresh copper(I) oxide is red to red-brown, and in air it can darken slowly towards black as it takes up more oxygen, so a jar whose powder has turned patchy or dark is no longer what the label says. Clumping points to damp. Red dust around the lid, a label that has faded and an unknown date of receipt are common. A jar that has changed colour is described as it is, and not as fresh stock, and must not be mixed back with clean powder or poured into a neighbouring jar to tidy a shelf.
How it is disposed of
We arrange this by specialist collection. We do not publish a drain or general waste route for any chemical. It is normally packed in a general laboratory pack with compatible chemicals.
The colour change makes description difficult: a jar labelled copper(I) oxide that has gone dark is partly something else, and the collection team should be told. Describe each jar by form and condition, and keep the red and black oxides apart. It is classified as very toxic to aquatic life, so it must not go down a sink or drain, into general waste or into a skip, and nobody should try to treat it first. Collection is by specialist route as hazardous waste, normally with 16 05 06* in a lab pack and 16 05 07* outside one, though the producer classifies the waste.
| Usual EWC code, laboratory stock | 16 05 06* |
|---|---|
| Discarded inorganic chemical, not a laboratory pack | 16 05 07* |
| Usually classed as hazardous waste | Yes |
The code depends on where the waste came from and what it contains, and classifying it is the producer's duty. Use the waste code finder to see why.
Common quantities
Usually held as: powder.
Tell us the container size and how many you hold. An estimate is enough to start with, and some items cannot be priced until someone has looked at them.
Where it is commonly held
Hazard statements
- H302 Harmful if swallowed.
- H318 Causes serious eye damage.
- H332 Harmful if inhaled.
- H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
Precautionary statements
- P261 Avoid breathing dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
- P264 Wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling.
- P264+P265 Wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling. Do not touch eyes.
- P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
- P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
- P273 Avoid release to the environment.
- P280 Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
- P301+P317 IF SWALLOWED: Get medical help.
- P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
- P305+P354+P338 IF IN EYES: Immediately rinse with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
- P317 Get medical help.
- P330 Rinse mouth.
- P391 Collect spillage.
- P501 Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local, regional, national and international regulations.
Substance as classified, dilutions may differ.
Questions
How do we tell copper(I) oxide from copper(II) oxide?
By the label first, then colour: copper(I) oxide is red to red-brown and copper(II) oxide is black. Check the numeral on every jar and keep them on separate shelves so a worn label is not the only guide.
Our red oxide has darkened. Is it still the same stock?
It has partly changed, as the red powder can darken slowly in air. Keep the jar closed, describe it as darkened and do not mix it with fresh stock. It is collected under the same hazardous waste route.
Is old copper(I) oxide less hazardous?
Not reliably. It stays classified as causing serious eye damage and as very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects, so it is treated as hazardous waste whatever its age.
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