Potassium ferricyanide (CAS 13746-66-2): storage and disposal
Potassium ferricyanide is the red crystalline complex cyanide held in school and college stores and in histology labs. It is far less toxic than simple cyanides, though it is harmful if swallowed, causes serious eye irritation and is toxic to aquatic life. Handling hinges on one reaction: strong acid or heating can release hydrogen cyanide. For that reason it is described by name, and never written up as old salts.
- CAS number
- 13746-66-2
- Form
- Solid
- Storage class
- General
- Signal word
- Warning
- Usual EWC code
- 16 05 06*
Harmful or irritant
Hazardous to the environment
What to do this week
- Check the label is readable and write down the opened date if it is not already there.
- Check it is stored as general stock and apart from the items listed under "Do not store with".
- If you no longer need it, add it to your disposal list so it goes on the next collection.
Safe storage in a school or lab
Contact with strong acid, or heat, decides the position. A dry general store suits it, but a shelf beside hydrochloric, nitric, sulfuric or phosphoric acid does not, and neither does a spot above a radiator. Trichloroacetic acid in a histology lab needs separating too. Light slowly changes it, so it tends to keep better in the dark or in brown glass. The name is the other trap. Ferricyanide and ferrocyanide differ by a few letters, and they get swapped on shelves and stock lists, so check the label against the colour: this one is red. Date the bottle on arrival. Separate it from iron salts as well, because blue stains around a shelf usually mean the two have met.
How to tell it has deteriorated
Sound stock is dark red crystals that may leave an orange-red dust on the inside of the bottle. Solutions are yellow to greenish and slowly change on standing in light. What does not look right is blue. A blue stain on the cap, label or shelf shows it has met iron salts and formed a Prussian blue type pigment, and although dramatic it mostly points to contamination or spills. Caking, a faded label or a label that disagrees with the crystal colour also deserve attention. Otherwise it gives few visual signs, and age alone does not change the handling. If the bottle has stood near acid and looks damaged or wet at the neck, leave it closed and ask for advice.
How it must be disposed of
By specialist collection only. It never goes down the drain or into general waste. It is normally packed in a non-regulated or low hazard laboratory pack with compatible chemicals.
Grouped with other inorganic salts, it goes into a lab pack well apart from any acid in the same collection, because strong acid can release hydrogen cyanide. That is why an accurate name matters on your list. Specialist collection is the only route, it must not go into a sink, a drain, a general waste bin or a skip, and nobody should try to treat it first. Say whether you hold the solid or a working solution, and list any used staining solution on its own line, with what else it contains. Hospital histology labs normally use code 18 01 06*, and schools and colleges 16 05 06*. Its toxicity to aquatic life makes this a hazardous waste despite its modest appearance.
| EWC code, laboratory chemicals | 16 05 06* |
|---|---|
| Discarded inorganic chemical, not a laboratory pack | 16 05 07* |
| Human healthcare setting | 18 01 06* |
| Hazardous waste | Yes |
The code depends on where the waste came from and what it is mixed with. Use the waste code finder to see why.
Do not store with
Named chemicals to keep apart
- Hydrobromic acidHeating or strong acids can release toxic hydrogen cyanide from these complexes.
- Hydrochloric acidHeating or strong acids can release toxic hydrogen cyanide from these complexes.
- Hydroiodic acidHeating or strong acids can release toxic hydrogen cyanide from these complexes.
- Nitric acidHeating or strong acids can release toxic hydrogen cyanide from these complexes.
- Perchloric acidHeating or strong acids can release toxic hydrogen cyanide from these complexes.
- Phosphoric acidHeating or strong acids can release toxic hydrogen cyanide from these complexes.
- Sulfuric acidHeating or strong acids can release toxic hydrogen cyanide from these complexes.
- Trichloroacetic acidHeating or strong acids can release toxic hydrogen cyanide from these complexes.
Common quantities we collect
Usually held as: solid.
Part-used bottles and full containers are both fine. Tell us the size and how many, and an estimate is enough for a first price.
Where it is commonly held
Hazard statements
- H302 Harmful if swallowed.
- H319 Causes serious eye irritation.
- H411 Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
Precautionary statements
- P203 Obtain, read and follow all safety instructions before use.
- P261 Avoid breathing dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
- P264 Wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling.
- P264+P265 Wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling. Do not touch eyes.
- P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
- P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
- P273 Avoid release to the environment.
- P280 Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
- P301+P317 IF SWALLOWED: Get medical help.
- P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water.
- P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
- P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
- P318 If exposed or concerned, get medical advice.
- P319 Get medical help if you feel unwell.
- P321 Specific treatment (see supplemental first aid instruction on this label).
- P330 Rinse mouth.
- P332+P317 If skin irritation occurs: Get medical help.
- P337+P317 If eye irritation persists: Get medical help.
- P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing. And wash it before reuse.
- P391 Collect spillage.
- P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
- P405 Store locked up.
- P501 Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local, regional, national and international regulations.
Substance as classified, dilutions may differ.
Questions
Is potassium ferricyanide as dangerous as potassium cyanide?
No. It is far less toxic than simple cyanides, because the cyanide is held tightly in a complex. Strong acid or heating can still release hydrogen cyanide, however, so it must stay away from acids. It also keeps its own classification as harmful if swallowed and toxic to aquatic life.
Why has a blue stain appeared around the jar?
Blue usually means it has met iron salts or iron based residues, forming a Prussian blue type pigment. It often comes from a spatula or a spill on the shelf. The stain itself is a clue to contamination, so mention it on your list and keep the label readable.
Can old working solution from the histology lab go out with the solid?
It can go in the same collection but should be listed separately. A working solution may contain other reagents, and it may be less hazardous than the solid without being safe. Give the name of the stain or method, and state whether any acid is present.
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